Tuna, also known as tuna and tuna, is a large pelagic fish of commercial importance.

General fish are cold-blooded, but the tuna is a bloodthirsty hot-blooded man, with part or the whole body of the thermostatic ability, this special ability so that it can maintain the body temperature between 33-35 ℃, able to adapt to a wide range of waters, from the tropics to the sub-frigid zone, from the upper layer of the ocean to the abyssal layer of the ocean, there are its figure. Constant temperature not only gives the tuna a wide range of space to move around, but also brings it the ability to react swiftly and quickly, making it a top predator in the marine ecosystem. This ability to strike down other fish comes from its unique physiology.

The main source of heat is muscle contraction. The tuna's body is rich in skin muscles on both sides, and it swims constantly throughout its life, providing a large amount of metabolic heat between muscle contraction and contraction, which is transported throughout the body by blood flow.

Even with a constant flow of huge heat, the thrifty tuna will not waste the hard-earned heat.

In the skin muscle groups on both sides of the tuna, the arteries and veins are intermingled and mixed together, and the direction of blood flow is opposite, which forms a countercurrent heat exchange system (engineering students have expressed surprise). As a result, the warmer venous blood transfers heat to the arterial blood, and the arterial blood transfers heat to the muscles, realizing the full utilization of heat. At the same time, there is also a heat exchange system in the digestive organs, so that the digestive organs can also maintain a higher temperature, which is conducive to promoting the digestion of food and nutrient absorption, in order to ensure the supply of energy to the muscles.

Elevated body temperature can accelerate the decomposition of sugar and produce energy quickly, which acts on the nervous system and makes it have explosive speed. The tuna has also evolved large eyeballs that enable it to effectively locate its prey and execute quick strikes. With a constant body temperature, robust muscles, shrewd strategy, and large, gleaming eyes, not to mention the sea is its, even the blue sky is also its.

Most of the tuna swim in the vast ocean, every year to swim thousands of nautical miles, for reproduction, bait migration, in order to find the most suitable living environment. Tuna spend their whole life in swimming, the general speed of 30-50 kilometers per hour, the highest speed up to 160 kilometers per hour.

Corresponding to the unique way of breathing, the tuna's gill muscles have degenerated, can not open and close the gill cover like ordinary fish to breathe, must rely on non-stop swimming, so that the fresh water flow quickly through the gills to obtain oxygen. In order to cope with the impact of high-speed water and to meet the body's demand for oxygen, tuna gill arches on the gill filaments all ossified, gill surface area than ordinary offshore bony fish nearly 30 times higher. For animals adapted to high-speed swimming, this method of respiration is extremely efficient, but the disadvantage is equally obvious: they need to swim constantly in order to breathe.

In addition, this tireless and fast swimmer contains red and white muscles with a far higher lactic acid metabolism than that of other fish, and the muscles have a large amount of myoglobin for transporting and storing oxygen, which endows the tuna with exceptional endurance. This level of lactic acid metabolism, which can be compared with that of mammals, also allows the tuna to recover quickly after chasing down prey or hiding from hostiles.

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